Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine disease caused by high blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is the main source of energy for our body. The process of hematopoiesis and the absorption of muscle tissue is influenced by the hormone insulin produced in the pancreas. If the pancreas does not release enough insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced, this leads to an increase in blood glucose levels – hyperglycemia. Endocrinologist Makpal Zhuzenova informed about this disease:
– This disease leads to significant damage to many body systems, including the kidneys. Diabetic nephropathy is the most severe advanced form of diabetes mellitus. Excess glucose damages the renal vessels, which gradually undergo sclerosis. Renal failure develops due to the inability of the kidneys to normally perform the functions of cleaning the body from toxic substances, regulating blood pressure. Diabetic nephropathy is treated by endocrinologists and nephrologists. The main goal of treatment is to slow down the development of nephropathy, reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and severe renal failure.
– Medicinal and non-medicinal methods are used in treatment. When treating diabetes, sweets (honey, sweets, carbonated water), fatty, fried, smoked dishes should be avoided. Patients, regardless of the stage of nephropathy, are prescribed a special unsalted, low-protein diet, and the consumption of animal fat is limited. Also, regular exercise helps to reduce sugar levels, control blood pressure, and lose weight. Smoking and the use of alcoholic beverages should be abandoned, says endocrinologist Makpal Adilovna.
In advanced stages of diabetic nephropathy, the patient may be prescribed hemodialysis. In some cases, a donor kidney transplant or a visit to permanent peritoneal dialysis is also provided.
